RTI · 6 min read
How to File an RTI Application in India: Process, Fee & Appeals
By the India Law Simplified editorial team · Verified against primary government sources (bare Acts & official portals) · Last updated 2026-04-14
The Right to Information Act 2005 lets any Indian citizen ask a public authority for information without giving a reason. Used well, it is a powerful tool for transparency. Here is how to file an RTI and what to do if you are stonewalled.
1What you can ask and the time limits
You can seek records, documents, decisions, file notings and similar information held by a public authority. The Public Information Officer (PIO) must normally reply within 30 days (within 48 hours where the matter concerns the life or liberty of a person).
You need not justify your request. Narrow exemptions exist (national security, certain personal information, etc.) and are read narrowly; vague denials are often reversed on appeal.
2How to apply
Write a short application addressed to the PIO of the relevant department, clearly stating the specific information you want. Give your name and address (citizenship is required; you don't need to explain your purpose).
Pay the prescribed application fee (commonly 10, varies by authority/state; BPL applicants are exempt). Many central departments accept online RTIs via the RTI Online portal; states may have their own portals or accept post.
3If you are refused or ignored
If you get no reply within the time limit, or an unsatisfactory one, file a First Appeal to the First Appellate Authority (a senior officer in the same department), generally within 30 days.
Still unsatisfied? File a second appeal or complaint with the Central or State Information Commission, which can direct disclosure and impose penalties on errant officers.
Frequently asked questions
How long does the PIO have to reply?
Usually 30 days from receipt; 48 hours where life or liberty is involved. If a third party's interest is involved, it can take a little longer. No reply in time is treated as a deemed refusal you can appeal.
Can a company or foreigner file an RTI?
The right is given to citizens. Practice varies for companies; foreign nationals generally cannot file. An individual citizen (e.g., a director) can file in their own name.
Is this legal advice?
No. For complex or high-stakes requests, consider help from an RTI practitioner or a citizens' rights organisation.
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India Law Simplified is an AI-assisted research & drafting tool, not a substitute for a licensed advocate or CA. Verify all figures and steps with a professional before acting. Statutory limits and fees change with each Finance Act / notification.