New Criminal Laws in India (BNS, BNSS, BSA 2023) — Sections & Your Rights

What changed (IPC → BNS)

Many section numbers changed: cheating (IPC 420) is now BNS 318, and anticipatory bail (CrPC 438) is now BNSS 482. The substance is broadly similar, but always cite the new section. Our AI Advocate maps your facts to the current code.

Your rights — FIR & arrest

Police must register an FIR for a cognizable offence; if they refuse you can escalate (BNSS 173/175). Landmark rulings like Arnesh Kumar limit unnecessary arrest. Never give a statement without understanding your rights.

Bail & defence strategy

For many offences you can seek anticipatory bail (BNSS 482) before arrest, or regular bail after. The strongest defence finds every lawful procedural lapse and mitigating factor — describe your facts to the AI Advocate for a structured plan.

Guides on this topic

• How to File an FIR in India — and What to Do if Police Refuse (2026)
• How to Apply for Anticipatory Bail in India (BNSS Section 482)

Related services

• Partnership Firm Registration
• Fire Safety License

Frequently asked questions

What are BNS, BNSS and BSA?

They are India's new criminal codes (effective 1 July 2024) replacing the IPC, CrPC and Indian Evidence Act respectively. Many section numbers changed, so cite the new code.

What is the BNS section for cheating?

Cheating, earlier IPC 420, is now broadly covered under BNS Section 318. Always confirm the exact sub-section for your facts.

How do I apply for anticipatory bail?

Anticipatory bail is now under BNSS Section 482 (earlier CrPC 438). A lawyer files the application in the Sessions Court or High Court. Describe your case to the AI Advocate for the steps.